During the 18th century Portuguese pharmacy was characterised by the continuous and uninterrupted publication of pharmacopoeias, which aimed at establishing the standardisation of the apothecary’s works through rules/regulations on medicines, instruments and practices that defined the good practice of the profession. Inaugurated by Pharmacopea Lusitana in 1704, it was followed by other non-official publications, culminating in the Farmacopeia Geral, the first official Pharmacopoeia of the Portuguese Kingdom. Among its authors, there were doctors, clergy and apothecaries with different professional and educational trajectories, reflecting the characteristic heterogeneity of the Portuguese pharmaceutical field during this period. Important works for the study of the professional trajectory of apothecaries, they also reflect the professional, technological and scientific changes that occurred throughout the 18th century. Essentially Galenic — and with a prescription based on drugs produced by elements of flora and fauna — pharmacopoeias gradually incorporated chemical remedies concomitantly to the rise of chemical pharmacy and paradigms such as iatrochemistry and iatromechanics. Pharmacopoeias also evidenced the rise of state control policy in the medical professions after the reforms promoted by the Marquis of Pombal. This chapter discusses the importance of such works as documentary sources to study the apothecary profession and its transformations throughout the 18th century.
...MoreBook Ana Simões; Marta Lourenço; José Alberto Silva (2021) Ciência, Technologia, e Medicina na Construção de Portugal. 2: Razão e Progresso (Séc. XVIII) (Science, Technology and Medicine in the Construction of Portugal: Reason and Progress. 18th Century, volume 2).
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