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Article ID: CBB396192326

Endemic risks: influenza pandemics, public health, and making self-reliant Indian citizens (2020)

Journal of Global History
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Pages: 459-477

URI: http://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-global-history/article/endemic-risks-influenza-pandemics-public-health-and-making-selfreliant-indian-citizens/57ACBA26A760FB724F53D1D382C7E71C

DOI: 10.1017/S1740022820000340

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Public health Neoliberalism Industrialization Modernization Pandemics Influenza 20th century, late India

This article focuses on the politics of epidemics, health and development in the years between two pandemics of influenza in India, the so-called ‘Asian’ flu (1957) and the ‘Hong Kong’ flu (1968). I explore how public health and risk-focused cosmologies were constructed about urban life, and anchored in economic priorities about development planning, industrial productivity, and self-reliance in a modernizing Indian nation. How were pandemics ‘seen’ and identified among urban populations that were already suffering from endemic risks? Were they viewed as a continuum of local, natural hazards or through wider geopolitical insecurities? The influenza crises were characterized by incapacitation and absenteeism from work rather than high mortality rates in Indian cities, causing worries about industrial plans. The Indian state intervened minimally, and articulated ideas and rhetoric about individual responsibility and ‘cooperative citizenship’ that set the stage for later manifestations of neoliberalism.

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