Ibrāhīm Al-Balīshṭār's Book of Arithmetic (ca. 1575): Hybridizing Spanish Mathematical Treatises with the Arabic Scientific Tradition (2020)
We present an Arabic treatise on arithmetic, penned in Cherchell (Algeria) around 1575, of which five manuscripts are extant. The author, Ibrāhīm al-Balīshṭār, is a hitherto unknown Morisco mathematician from Aragon. After sketching his biography, we show that his treatise, claimed by him to be the translation of a book by a Christian priest, is actually an elaborate personal work, resulting from the intertwining of two Spanish treatises–those by Marco Aurel and Juan de Ortega–and of material drawn from Arabic authors such as al-Ghurbī, al-ʿUqbānī and Ibn al-Bannāʾ. It is therefore an original attempt to create a Euro-Islamic hybrid knowledge. Résumé Nous présentons un traité d'arithmétique en arabe, rédigé à Cherchell (Algérie) vers 1575, dont cinq manuscrits subsistent. L'auteur, Ibrāhīm al-Balīshṭār, est un mathématicien morisque jusqu'ici inconnu, originaire de l'Aragon. Après avoir esquissé sa biographie, nous montrons que son traité, qu'il dit être la traduction d'un livre d'un prêtre chrétien, est en réalité un travail personnel élaboré, résultant de l'entrelacement de deux traités espagnols – ceux de Marco Aurel et Juan de Ortega – et d'éléments tirés d'auteurs arabes comme al-Ghurbī, al-ʿUqbānī et Ibn al-Bannāʾ. Il s'agit donc d'une tentative extraordinaire de création d'un savoir hybride euro-islamique.
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