Article ID: CBB376305911

The Babiński sign: from “toes phenomenon” to “great toe phenomenon” (2020)

unapi

The Babiński sign is one of the most important signs in clinical neurology. It refers to the extension (dorsiflexion) of the great toe following stimulation of the sole. However, in the first description of this sign, Joseph Francois Félix Babiński (1857-1932) did not mention the movement of the great toe, but of all toes. The terms used by Babiński in his first description of the sign is “orteils” (toes, in the plural), and not “grand orteil” (great toe). This article traces back the initial descriptions of the Babiński sign made by the great French neurologist of Polish descent and other influential neurologists of the 19th Century. Contrary to what is commonly believed, the Babiński sign was not described in its complete form from the very beginning: it took some time for its discoverer to fully realize that what characterized the sign was the extension of the great toe alone, and not of all toes.

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Authors & Contributors
Sena, Luigi Massimo
Jonathan M. Gutowski
Waclawik, Andrew J.
Simone Venturini
Carraro, Silvia
Federico Vanone
Journals
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Revue d'Histoire des Sciences
Vesalius
Sudhoffs Archiv: Zeitschrift fuer Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Science in Context
Journal of Medical Biography
Publishers
Cierre edizioni
University of Chicago Press
Manchester University Press
CNRS Éditions
Aracne
Concepts
Medicine
Neurology
Clinical medicine
Disease and diseases
Pathology
Psychiatry
People
Charcot, Jean Martin
Babinski, Joseph
Vincenzo Neri (1880–1960)
Flatau, Edward
Goldflam, Samuel
Sherrington, Charles Scott
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
20th century, early
18th century
20th century, late
Places
France
Italy
Paris (France)
Strasbourg (France)
Middle and Near East
Naples (Italy)
Institutions
Reichsuniversität Strassburg
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
Salpêtrière, Paris
Harvard University
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
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