This article seeks to understand processes of the origins and growth of the indigenous knowledge of healing and health care from the Vedic and the Buddhist texts. Significantly enough, most of the references to healing and healthcare are found in the later books of Rgveda which belong to the later phase of the Vedic period. It was a combination of medicine and magico-ritual practices. Atharvaveda shows some advancement in the knowledge of anatomy and medicines albeit without much change in the use of magical spells and rites. The Buddhist Pitaka texts for the first time contain a mention of the theory of tridōsa and the treatment free from magico-religious methods. It is in the Samhitās, particularly of Caraka’s that we find the healthcare wisdom in its systematized form. The article briefly examines the structure and composition of this knowledge accrued over centuries.
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