Article ID: CBB283086142

The nature of love: Harlow, Bowlby and Bettelheim on affectionless mothers (2020)

unapi

Harry Harlow, famous for his experiments with rhesus monkeys and cloth and wire mothers, was visited by psychiatrist and psychoanalyst John Bowlby and by child psychologist Bruno Bettelheim in 1958. They made similar observations of Harlow’s monkeys, yet their interpretations were strikingly different. Bettelheim saw Harlow’s wire mother as a perfect example of the ‘refrigerator mother’, causing autism in her child, while Bowlby saw Harlow’s results as an explanation of how socio-emotional development was dependent on responsiveness of the mother to the child’s biological needs. Bettelheim’s solution was to remove the mother, while Bowlby specifically wanted to involve her in treatment. Harlow was very critical of Bettelheim, but evaluated Bowlby’s work positively.

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Authors & Contributors
van der Horst, Frank C. P.
Polat, Bican
Vicedo, Marga
van Rosmalen, Lenny
Martucci, Jessica
Rietmann, Felix
Concepts
Mothers and children
Developmental psychology; pediatrics and psychology
Psychiatry
Medicine and gender
Breast feeding
Infant care
Time Periods
20th century, late
21st century
20th century
20th century, early
Medieval
Places
United States
Zurich (Switzerland)
Sweden
Europe
India
Great Britain
Institutions
World Health Organization (WHO)
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