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Article ID: CBB278035922

Recounting the Orbs: Planetary Models and the Idea of Discovery in Astronomy, 1780–1850 (2020)

Raposo, Pedro M. P. (Author)

Nuncius: Annali di Storia della Scienza
Volume: 35
Issue: 2
Pages: 274-299

DOI: 10.1163/18253911-03502005

URI: https://brill.com/view/journals/nun/35/2/article-p274_5.xml

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Teaching; pedagogy Toys Instruments, astronomical Models and modeling in science Solar system; planets Astronomy 19th century 18th century

Abstract This paper explores how the idea of discovery in astronomy gained a footing in the production and use of planetary models. It focuses on the period 1780–1850, during which the number of known bodies in the solar system increased concomitantly with a growing market for didactic instruments and toys. Specific examples of tridimensional models are discussed, in order to illustrate two main themes: the orrery as a changeable planetary model open to the choices of consumers and users, and the development of the armillary sphere from its original Ptolemaic configuration to a Copernican design suitable to incorporate newly found orbs. It is argued that the idea of discovery as applied to the realm of educational planetary models entailed marketing advantages, but also raised issues of credibility and posed challenges concerning the exactness, functionality, and actuality of models.

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