Article ID: CBB273315507

Early theoretical chemistry: Plato’s chemistry in Timaeus (2021)

unapi

The Timaeus is the dialogue that was for many centuries the most influential of Plato’s works. Among its readers we find Descartes, Boyle, Kepler and Heisenberg. In the first division of Timaeus Plato deals with the theory of celestial motion, in the second he presents us with the first mathematical theory of the structure of matter. Here, in a gigantic step forward with respect to the preceding Democritean atomistic theory with its unalterable micro-entities, he introduces the intertransformability of elementary corpuscles and with that the first “chemical” reactions in history. Plato’s geometrical interpretation of Empedocles’ elements and his geometrical atomism is described at the molecular, atomic and sub-atomic level. The “chemical” reactions reported in Timaeus are written in the enlightening chemical symbolism, analogies with modern chemistry are noticed throughout.

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Authors & Contributors
Di Giacomo, Francesco
Nena Bobovnik
Štěpán Špinka
Rareș Ilie Marinescu
Jorgenson, Chad
Campbell, Douglas R.
Journals
Apeiron: Journal for Ancient Philosophy and Science
Apeiron
Revue d'Histoire des Sciences
Neusis: The Greek Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
Publishers
Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura
Brill
Concepts
Geometry
Mathematics
Philosophy
Cosmology
Medicine
Nature
People
Plato
Euclid
Aristotle
Calcidius; Chalcidius
Hipparchus
Pappus of Alexandria
Time Periods
Ancient
Neolithic period
6th century
20th century, late
Places
Greece
Middle and Near East
Scotland
Europe
Egypt
Rome (Italy)
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