Article ID: CBB269970523

Contested Cartographies: Empire and Sovereignty on a Map of Sistān, Iran (1883) (2020)

unapi

The papers of Malkam Khān (1833–1908), Iranian ambassador in London from 1872 to 1889, a staunch supporter of Iranian state modernization and a scholar, include an often-overlooked map of the Iran–Afghanistan border dating to 1883. Mirzā Mohammad-Rezā Tabrizi compiled this exceptional piece of nineteenth-century Iranian cartography. The map is an illustration of how quickly the Qajar administration was able to emulate European cartographical discourses to protect its own interests in the context of the so-called ‘Great Game’, that is, the often confrontational Russo–British relations over the control of Central Asia and Afghanistan in the nineteenth century. In this article we show that Iranian officials had developed a much more substantial articulation between cartography and statecraft than is conveyed by the stereotypes in nineteenth-century Western literature, when the capacity of local players to use counter-mapping to their own advantage was often underestimated by European agents. Mirzā Mohammad-Rezā Tabrizi’s map of Sistān exemplifies how the apparently all-powerful Western science that seemingly supported nineteenth-century imperial expansion was rarely left unchallenged locally. The genealogy and circulation of the map also reflects how overly simplistic the postulation of a polarization of ‘Western’ knowledge and ‘Eastern’ attempts at safeguarding local sovereignty can be.

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Authors & Contributors
Akerman, James R.
Foliard, Daniel
Ben-Bassat, Yuval
Vaughan, Laura
Novaes, André Reyes
Ben-Artzi, Yossi
Journals
Imago Mundi: A Review of Early Cartography
Cartographica Helvetica
Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science
Publishers
University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press
Chuo-koron
University of Wisconsin at Madison
UCL Press
Scarecrow Press
Concepts
Cartography
Maps; atlases
Imperialism
Science and society
Geography
Great Britain, colonies
People
Griffith, William
Saunders, Trelawney
Herrman, Augustine
Johnston, Alexander Keith
Bartholomew, John
Petermann, August
Time Periods
19th century
18th century
20th century, early
20th century
21st century
17th century
Places
Russia
Great Britain
United States
Afghanistan
Ottoman Empire
Iran
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