“Central nodes” and “neutral grounds:” boundary-work between scholarship, scientific amateurism and the public in Vienna (1860-1890) (2021)
Mattes, Johannes (Author)
Physis: Rivista Internazionale di Storia della Scienza
Volume: 56
Pages: 181-200
‘Citizen Science,’ the public participation in scholarly research, is not just a recent phenomenon. Nowadays, conceptions of ‘citizen science’ are based on social boundary-work between science and the public, which, during the 19th century, led to new cultures of community, cooperation and practices in dealing with knowledge. These processes are linked to the development of the civil society, open urban spaces, scholarly associations and knowledge exchange. The differentiation between professionals and scientific amateurs in Central Europe is largely derived from scholarship on conditions in Germany. In the Habsburg Empire, however, this demarcation did not occur as early. The close ties between research and public administration before 1848, the legal regulations of associations and state censorship resulted in unique paths in science popularization. Using the examples of three selected (popular) learned societies in Vienna, this essay examines the processes, in which demarcations between scientific and other knowledge-based activities were created, attacked, advocated or reinforced. Particular attention is paid to the impact of earth sciences on the emergence of scholarly amateurism.
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