Article
ID: CBB264427509

[Inter-University Research Institutes and the Conflict of Two Types of Autonomy] 共同利用研究所における自治の相克 (2020)

unapi
Autonomy Atomic, nuclear, and particle physics 20th century Japan University of Tokyo

Inter-University Research Institutes (IURIs) are supposed to be shared properties of the researchers of corresponding disciplines. The Institute of Nuclear Study (INS) affiliated to the University of Tokyo was the first IURI equipped with large scientific facilities. A newly found set of records, collected and archived by Hiroo Kumagai, a former professor of INS, gives us new insights and interpretation of the history of the INS and its successors. INS was designed to be managed democratically on the sole basis of the common will of all nuclear physicists in Japan (the autonomy of the research community). It conflicted with the principle of the autonomy of the university. It is shown that the conflict of the two different kinds of autonomy was one of the motivations to create a new, larger physics institute, the Laboratory for High Energy Physics (KEK). Because of this historical background, KEK and other newer IURIs could provide “virtual” autonomy for researchers, though they are formally the institutes operated by the government.

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Authors & Contributors
Roll-Hansen, Nils
Kikuchi, Yoshiyuki
Wang, Lei
Jamyung Choi
Moore, Martin D.
Takahisa 高久 Amemiya 雨宮
Journals
Historia Scientiarum: International Journal of the History of Science Society of Japan
科学史研究 Kagakusi Kenkyu (History of Science)
Physics in Perspective
Endeavour: Review of the Progress of Science
Zhongguo Keji Shiliao (China Historical Materials of Science and Technology)
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
Publishers
Manchester University Press
Taylor & Francis
Concepts
Atomic, nuclear, and particle physics
Autonomy
Physics
Science and politics
Philosophy of science
Nuclear power; atomic energy
People
Delbrück, Max
Bohr, Niels Henrik David
Sommerfeld, Arnold Johannes Wilhelm
Wang, Ganchang
Sakurai, Joji
Ostwald, Friedrich Wilhelm
Time Periods
20th century
20th century, early
19th century
21st century
20th century, late
Places
Japan
China
United States
Germany
Soviet Union
Berlin (Germany)
Institutions
University of Tokyo
Rikagaku Kenkyu-Jo
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Kyōto Daigaku (Kyoto University)
Humboldt Universität zu Berlin
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