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Article ID: CBB262816297

On the nature of cross-disciplinary integration: A philosophical framework (2016)

O'Rourke, Michael (Author)
Crowley, Stephen (Author)
Gonnerman, Chad (Author)

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Volume: 56
Pages: 62-70

URI: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369848615001417

DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2015.10.003

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Meeting grand challenges requires responses that constructively combine multiple forms of expertise, both academic and non-academic; that is, it requires cross-disciplinary integration. But just what is cross-disciplinary integration? In this paper, we supply a preliminary answer by reviewing prominent accounts of cross-disciplinary integration from two literatures that are rarely brought together: cross-disciplinarity and philosophy of biology. Reflecting on similarities and differences in these accounts, we develop a framework that integrates their insights—integration as a generic combination process the details of which are determined by the specific contexts in which particular integrations occur. One such context is cross-disciplinary research, which yields cross-disciplinary integration. We close by reflecting on the potential applicability of this framework to research efforts aimed at meeting grand challenges.

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