Article ID: CBB217909079

The Cosmological Argument: A Newtonian Challenge to Hume (2016)

unapi

Hume’s arguments against the cosmological argument have, in the past century, often been highly praised by commentators such as H.D.Aiken and E.C. Mossner. While Hume’s argument often receives strong philosophical support, the four major objections raised against the cosmological argument in book IX of his Dialogues hinge upon a misunderstanding of Newtonian natural philosophy. Hence, when the proper historical context is considered, Hume’s objections are weak at best, for they assume an understanding of matter and physical necessity that are inconsistent with Newtonian natural philosophy. This paper will outline Hume’s objections, and explore how the formulation of the cosmological argument put forth by the English philosopher Samuel Clarke was reliant upon the best available scientific evidence, i.e. Newtonian philosophy. Consequently, any contemporary supporter of Hume who believes that his argument was successful in quenching the enlightenment era reiteration of the cosmological argument does so anachronistically.

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Authors & Contributors
Baxfield, Christopher
Boffito, Giuseppe M.
Alighieri, Dante
De Pierris, Graciela
Gaukroger, Stephen W.
Guicciardini, Niccolò
Journals
Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
Perspectives on Science
Ambix: Journal of the Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry
Enlightenment and Dissent
HOPOS
Journal of the History of Ideas
Publishers
University of Chicago
Carocci Editore
Johns Hopkins University Press
Kluwer Academic
Olschki
Oxford University Press
Concepts
Natural philosophy
Cosmology
Controversies and disputes
Science and religion
Physics
Philosophy
People
Newton, Isaac
Clarke, Samuel
Hume, David
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von
Locke, John
Alembert, Jean le Rond d'
Time Periods
18th century
17th century
Enlightenment
Medieval
Places
British Isles
Europe
Italy
England
Institutions
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
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