Article ID: CBB183440774

Note sur l'extraction de la racine carrée d'un entier chez ibn Al-Hayṯam et comparaison avec Al-Baġdādī (2021)

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Dans le cadre des algorithmes numériques introduits et élaborés par les mathématiciens arabes, à partir du ixe siècle, figure l'algorithme de l'extraction de la racine carrée d'un entier naturel. Cet algorithme a été étudié chez plusieurs d'entre eux et surtout bien expliqué par alBaġdādī (mort vers 1037) dans le chapitre « Comment extraire la racine des nombres entiers » de son livre « La complétion du calcul », Al-takmila fī al-ḥisāb 1. Dans ce chapitre, al-Baġdādī expose son travail pédagogiquement en six sections traitant de plusieurs manières différentes le problème de l'extraction de la racine carrée d'un entier 2. À la même époque, dans un texte isolé intitulé « Sur la cause de la racine, de son doublement et de son déplacement 3 », Ibn al-Hayṯam (mort vers 1040) donne une justification géométrique de l'algorithme en se basant sur des notions algébriques précises.As part of the numerical algorithms introduced and developed by Arab mathematicians from the ninth century onwards, there is the algorithm for extracting the square root of a natural number. This algorithm was studied by several of them and especially well explained by alBaġdādī (died around 1037) in the chapter “How to extract the root of whole numbers” from his book “The completion of calculation”, Al-takmila fī al- ḥisāb 1. In this chapter, al-Baġdādī exposes his work pedagogically in six sections dealing in several different ways with the problem of extracting the square root of an integer 2. At the same time, in an isolated text entitled "On the cause of the root, its doubling and its displacement 3”, Ibn al-Hayṯam (died around 1040) gives a geometric justification of the algorithm based on precise algebraic notions.

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Authors & Contributors
Rashed, Roshdi
Zellini, Paolo
Álvarez Polo, Yolima
Bellosta, Hélène
Biggs, Norman L.
Corry, Leo
Journals
Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Archive for History of Exact Sciences
Annals of Science: The History of Science and Technology
Bollettino di Storia delle Scienze Matematiche
Historia Mathematica
Llull: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas
Publishers
Adelphi
Edizioni Cadmo
Duke University
Al-Furqan Islamic Heritage Foundation
Il Mulino
Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group
Concepts
Mathematics
Geometry
Arab/Islamic world, civilization and culture
Algebra
Algorithms
Philosophy
People
Ibn al-Haytham, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan
Euclid
Avicenna
al-Nayrīzī
al-Ṭūsī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad Naṣīr al-Dīn
Farkas, Gyula
Time Periods
Medieval
11th century
10th century
13th century
14th century
15th century
Places
Europe
Mediterranean region
Mesopotamia
China
France
Spain
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