Article ID: CBB157241782

Teaching the normal and the pathological: Educational technologies and the material reproduction of medicine (2023)

unapi

That pathology and normality exist on a complex spectrum of bodily manifestation is an enduring problem at the heart of the philosophy, anthropology and history of medicine. As the primary locus for the reproduction of medicine, medical schools are important sites for cultivating knowledge of what is normal and what is not. Here students come to engage with the slippery concepts of normality and pathology in collaboration with a wide range of educational technologies – the cadavers, plastic models, illustrations and diagnostic tools which corral student knowledge of the body in both health and disease. These technologies are not universally employed across medical faculties, and variations in their use contributes to various constructions of pathology and normality. Ethnographic observation and historical research in medical faculties in Hungary, the Netherlands and Ghana, shows that educational practices are shaped by the epistemic traditions which manifest in the material environment of the medical school, and that these different sociomaterial settings contribute to inconsistent notions of normalcy. Although educational technologies often tend towards fixity in their representations of the body in health and disease, medical school practice in the north of Ghana resists the imposition of the often alien standards typically found in teaching materials imported from Europe or North America. By teaching around and beyond these materials, Ghanaian educators also challenge their assuredness and the intellectual history of contemporary medicine.

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Authors & Contributors
Wright, James R., Jr.
Hogan, David
Lampard, Robert
Stahnisch, Frank W.
Anderson, Warwick H.
Freiburger, Dana A.
Journals
Revue d'Histoire des Sciences
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History/Bulletin Canadienne d'Histoire de la Medecine
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
History of Education
History of Psychiatry
Science, Technology, and Human Values
Publishers
Brill
University of Calgary Press
University of Toronto Press
Drew University
Open University (United Kingdom)
Springer International Publishing
Concepts
Medical education and teaching
Medical schools
Universities and colleges
Medicine
Normality
Physicians; doctors
People
Canguilhem, Georges
Goldstein, Kurt
Wolff, Étienne
Watanabe, Mamoru
McLeod, Lionel E.
Rose, Geoffrey
Time Periods
20th century
19th century
20th century, early
20th century, late
21st century
Meiji period (Japan, 1868-1910)
Places
Canada
United States
Hungary
Netherlands
Austro-hungary
Great Britain
Institutions
University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine
Royal Commission on Health Services (Canada)
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
Yale University
University of Massachusetts
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