Article ID: CBB139651825

Habit and Time in Nineteenth-Century French Philosophy: Albert Lemoine Between Bergson and Ravaisson (2018)

unapi

This paper shows how reflection on habit leads in nineteenth-century French philosophy to Henri Bergson’s idea of duration in 1888 as a non-quantifiable dimension irreducible to time as measured by clocks. Historically, I show how Albert Lemoine’s 1875 L’habitude et l’instinct was crucial, since he holds – in a way that is both Ravaissonian and Bergsonian avant la lettre – that for the being capable of habit, the three elements of time are fused together. For that habituated being, Lemoine claims, it is not true to say that the past is no longer, nor even that the future is not yet. This historical link between Ravaisson and Bergson, however, only sharpens the philosophical question of how a dynamic conception of habit involves and requires a conception of real duration, of a temporality more original than clock-time, and, conversely, of how reflection on duration prior to clock-time involves a notion of habit. With reference to the work of Gilles Deleuze, the paper concludes by showing that there is an internal connection between these two grand philosophical themes of nineteenth- and then twentieth-century French thought: habit and time.

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Authors & Contributors
Duarte, German A.
Fraiture, Pierre-Philippe
Massey, Heath
John J. Stuhr
Dunham, Jeremy
McGrath, Larry
Concepts
Philosophy
Time
Physics
Psychology
Philosophy of science
Philosophers of science, modern
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
20th century, early
21st century
17th century
18th century
Places
France
United States
Germany
Europe
Great Britain
Africa
Institutions
UNESCO
Université de Montpellier
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