Article ID: CBB121919650

The Corps of Military Topographers of the Russian Empire (2017)

unapi

Russian and Western European skills combined to produce skilled surveyors and a cartographic tradition which both recorded and documented the expansion of the Russian Empire. Tsar Peter I in the 1720s was the first ruler to recognize cartography's its significance as an important tool in securing Russian access to the Baltic Sea, Black Sea, and Pacific Ocean. New scientific bodies, and especially the military from the 1760s, were charged with the mapping of Russia and its new territories, and imperial expansion also brought new cartographic and surveying skills and information from able practitioners in France, Finland, Poland, and elsewhere. New thematic maps were created to assist in the exploitation of the empire's resources and in colonial settlement, especially in Siberia in the nineteenth century. Mapping and exploratory expeditions from the late eighteenth century in the reign of another expansionary ruler, Katherine the Great, led to extensive fur-trapping in the east and Russia's claim to the Aleutian Islands, Alaska and the north-west coast of America. The corps of the military topographers had been the most important and productive body for the training of surveyors and performing surveys of the Russian Empire lands for most of the nineteenth century.

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Authors & Contributors
Cams, Mario
Della Dora, Veronica
Ehrensvärd, Ulla
Engberg-Pedersen, Anders
Hornsby, Stephen
Iliushina, T. V.
Journals
Cartographica Helvetica
Imago Mundi: A Review of Early Cartography
East Asian Science, Technology, and Medicine
Representations
Revue d'Histoire des Sciences
VIET: Voprosy Istorii Estestvoznaniia i Tekhniki
Publishers
University of Toronto
University of Southern California
Ashgate
Cornell University Press
Harvard University Press
McGill-Queen's University Press
Concepts
Cartography
Surveying
Maps; atlases
Science and war; science and the military
Geography
Travel; exploration
People
Bentham, Samuel
Catherine II, Empress of Russia
Clark, William
Des Barres, Joseph F. W.
Holland, Samuel
Napoleon I, Emperor of France
Time Periods
18th century
19th century
17th century
20th century, early
Qing dynasty (China, 1644-1912)
20th century
Places
Russia
Russian Empire
Great Britain
Siberia (Russia)
France
Greece
Institutions
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
Académie des Sciences, Paris
Great Britain. Royal Navy
Habsburg, House of
Great Britain. Board of Trade
Wojskowy Instytut Geograficzny (Polish Military Geographical Institute)
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