The Ikhwan al-Safa' (Brethren of Purity), the anonymous adepts of a tenth-century esoteric fraternity based in Basra and Baghdad, hold an eminent position in the history of science and philosophy in Islam due to the wide reception and assimilation of their monumental encyclopaedia, the Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa' (Epistles of the Brethren of Purity). This compendium contains fifty-two epistles offering synoptic accounts of the classical sciences and philosophies of the age; divided into four classificatory parts, it treats themes in mathematics, logic, natural philosophy, psychology, metaphysics, and theology, in addition to didactic fables. The Rasa'il constitutes a paradigmatic legacy in the canonization of philosophy and the sciences in mediaeval Islamic civilization, and has also shown a permeating influence in Western culture.
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De Callataÿ, Godefroid;
Halflants, Bruno;
al-Bizri, Nadir;
al-Asmar, Salih;
(2011)
On Magic I: An Arabic Critical Edition and English Translation of Epistle 52a
(/isis/citation/CBB001250496/)
Article
King, David A.;
(2008)
An Instrument of Mass Calculation made by Nasṭūlus in Baghdad ca. 900
(/isis/citation/CBB000933635/)
Book
El-Bizri, Nader;
(2012)
On Arithmetic and Geometry: An Arabic Critical Edition and English Translation of Epistles 1--2
(/isis/citation/CBB001450939/)
Chapter
Pormann, P. E.;
(2008)
Medical Methodology and Hospital Practice: The Case of Fourth-/Tenth-Century Baghdad
(/isis/citation/CBB001022537/)
Book
Violet Moller;
(2020)
The Map of Knowledge: A Thousand-Year History of How Classical Ideas Were Lost and Found
(/isis/citation/CBB401001470/)
Article
Zaker Jafari, Narges;
(2013)
The Place of Oud and its Various Types in the Islamic Eras of Persian Music History
(/isis/citation/CBB100698382/)
Book
Starr, S. Frederick;
(2013)
Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia's Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlane
(/isis/citation/CBB001202092/)
Article
Schramm, Matthias;
Albert, Carl-Philipp;
Schütz, Michael;
brunold, Martin;
Germann, Martin;
(2006-2007)
Der Astrolabtext aus der Handschrift Codex 196, Bürgerbibliothek Bern---Spuren arabischer Wissenschaft im mittelalterlichen Abendland
(/isis/citation/CBB001024031/)
Article
Kennedy, Edward S.;
(2009)
Al-Battānī's Astrological History of the Prophet and the Early Caliphate
(/isis/citation/CBB001023951/)
Article
Bagheri, Mohammad;
(2008)
Persian Version of Kūshyār's Zīj: Calendars in the al-Zīj al-Jāmi'
(/isis/citation/CBB001510404/)
Article
Cardona Suárez, Carlos Alberto;
(2012)
El problema de Alhacén
(/isis/citation/CBB001450434/)
Article
Abuzayed, Mohamed;
King, David A.;
Schmidl, Petra G.;
(2011)
From a Heavenly Arabic Poem to an Enigmatic Judaeo-Arabic Astrolabe
(/isis/citation/CBB001210408/)
Chapter
Gropp, Harald;
(2008)
Bin Waḥshiyya's 93 Alphabets and Mathematics
(/isis/citation/CBB001022261/)
Article
Crozet, Pascal;
(2010)
De l'usage des transformations géométriques à la notion d'invariant: la contribution d'al-Sijzī
(/isis/citation/CBB000933051/)
Article
Hogendijk, Jan P.;
(2008)
Two Beautiful Geometrical Theorems by Abū Sahl Kūhī in a 17th Century Dutch Translation
(/isis/citation/CBB001510407/)
Article
Yücesoy, Hayrettín;
(2009)
Translation as Self-Consciousness: Ancient Sciences, Antediluvian Wisdom, and the `Abbasid Translation Movement
(/isis/citation/CBB001030427/)
Article
Rashed, Roshdi;
(2010)
Les constructions géométriques entre géométrie et algèbre: L'Épître d'Abū al-Jūd à al-Bīrūnī
(/isis/citation/CBB000933050/)
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Godefroid de Callatay;
(2018)
On Composition and the Arts: An Arabic Critical Edition and English Translation of Epistles 6-8
(/isis/citation/CBB990518312/)
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Belting, Hans;
(2011)
Florence and Baghdad: Renaissance Art and Arab Science
(/isis/citation/CBB001251417/)
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Alessandro Bausani;
(2021)
I fratelli della purità. Introduzione e commento ai 52 trattati degli Ikhwā n as-safā’
(/isis/citation/CBB057305610/)
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