Article ID: CBB098213267

A war psychiatry approach to warfare in the Middle Byzantine period (2016)

unapi

Combat stress cases were traced in historical texts and military manuals on warfare from the Middle Byzantine period; they were mainly labelled as cowardice. Soldiers suffered from nostalgia or exhaustion; officers looked stunned, or could not speak during the battle. Cruel punishments were often enforced. Suicide and alcohol abuse were rarely mentioned. The Byzantines’ evacuation system for battle casualties was well organized. Psychological operations were conducted and prisoners-of-war were usually part of them. The Byzantine army had ‘parakletores’, officers assigned to encourage soldiers before combat. The leaders dealt with combat stress by using their rhetoric skills and emphasizing religious faith in eternal life. The treatment of the ‘cowards’ was rather similar to modern war psychiatry principles of treatment. No description of PTSD was found.

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https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB098213267/

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Authors & Contributors
Nakamura, Eri
Jones, Edgar
Heath, Michael
Mark C. Wilkins
Cooper, Max
Adello Vanni
Concepts
Psychiatry
Medicine and the military; medicine in war
War neuroses
World War I
Psychic trauma
Mental disorders and diseases
Time Periods
20th century, early
20th century
20th century, late
Medieval
21st century
Places
Japan
Great Britain
Italy
Commonwealth countries
Padua (Italy)
United States
Institutions
Great Britain. Royal Air Force
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