Article ID: CBB087829229

Rendering Inuit cancer “visible”: Geography, pathology, and nosology in Arctic cancer research (2020)

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In August of 1977, Australian pathologist David W. Buntine delivered a presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Royal College of Pathologists of Australia in Melbourne, Victoria. In this presentation, he used the diagnostic category of “Eskimoma,” to describe a unique set of salivary gland tumors he had observed over the past five years within Winnipeg’s Health Sciences Center. Only found amongst Inuit patients, these tumors were said to have unique histological, clinical, and epidemiological features and were unlike any other disease category that had ever been encountered before. To understand where this nosological category came from, and its long-term impact, this paper traces the historical trajectory of the “Eskimoma.” In addition to discussing the methods and infrastructures that were essential to making the idea of Inuit cancer “visible,” to the pathologist, the epidemiologist, and to society at large, this paper discusses how Inuit tissue samples obtained, stored, and analyzed in Winnipeg, Manitoba, came to be codified into a new, racially based disease category – one that has guided Canadian and international understandings of circumpolar cancer trends and shaped northern healthcare service delivery for the past sixty years.

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Authors & Contributors
Gallazzi, Matteo
Tosetti, Francesca
Ken J. Caine
Mary Jane Logan McCallum
Binney, Nicholas
Razumenko, Fedir
Concepts
Cancer; tumors
Therapeutic practice; therapy; treatment
Indigenous peoples; indigeneity
Organs; tissues
Human body
Inuit Indians
Time Periods
21st century
20th century, late
20th century
Early modern
20th century, early
Places
Canada
Taiwan
Baffin Island
Padua (Italy)
South Korea
Arctic regions
Institutions
Canadian Museum of Civilization
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
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