Article ID: CBB078216339

Akhawayni (?–983 AD): A Persian Neuropsychiatrist in the Early Medieval Era (9th–12th Century AD) (2016)

unapi

The early medieval era is also called the Islamic Golden Age because of the significant rise in sciences, including medicine. Abū Bakr Rabi’ ibn Ahmad Akhawayni Bukhāri (better known as Akhawayni) was one of the notable medical practitioners in his lifetime. His fame was in neuroscience and he became known as Pezeshk-e-Divanegan (Physician to the Insane). His only surviving book, Hidāyat al-Muta’allimin fi al-Tibb (The Students’ Handbook of Medicine), is the first medical textbook in Persian, after Islam. Akhawayni gathered and categorized available knowledge on neuropsychiatry and added his own. He was the first to describe sleep paralysis and to suggest pragmatic rather than supernatural treatment. He was also the first to present fever cure and his descriptions of meningitis (Lisarghos in Hidāyat), mania, psychosis (Malikhulia), dementia (Ghotrab), etc., are close to current concepts.

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Authors & Contributors
Mohammad Yazdi
Yaguchi, Naohide
Tomaiuolo, Francesco
Aruta, Alessandro
Cerasa, Antonio
Sirgiovanni, Elisabetta
Concepts
Neuropsychology
Psychiatry
Mental disorders and diseases
Neurosciences
Medicine
Psychoanalysis
Time Periods
Medieval
20th century
21st century
20th century, late
20th century, early
Early modern
Places
Persia (Iran)
Middle and Near East
United States
Italy
France
China
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