Chapter ID: CBB077239037

The Rare Earths, a Challenge to Mendeleev, No Less Today (2021)

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Mendeleev’s first periodic table (1869) included just five rare earth elements. This article traces the discovery and isolation of the rare earths—scandium, yttrium and the lanthanides—a process that extended until 1947, as well as the efforts to locate them in the periodic system. The striking similarity of the chemistry of the metals has made their isolation in a pure state a challenge. Developments in their chemistry extending up to the present day are considered, including extending the range of their coordination numbers, an increasing number of compounds in unusual oxidation states, and most recently lanthanide-containing enzymes, raising questions about their role in living systems.

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Book Carmen J. Giunta; Vera V. Mainz; Gregory S. Girolami (2021) 150 Years of the Periodic Table: A Commemorative Symposium. unapi

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Authors & Contributors
Girolami, Gregory S.
Giunta, Carmen J.
Mainz, Vera V.
Robinson, Ann E.
Boeck, Gisela
Fontani, Marco
Journals
Substantia: An International Journal of the History of Chemistry
Foundations of Chemistry
The Chemical Educator
Publishers
Springer International Publishing
Oxford University Press
World Scientific Publishing Co.
Concepts
Chemical elements
Periodic system of the elements; periodic table
Chemistry
Classification
Discovery in science
Visual representation; visual communication
People
Mendeleev, Dmitri Ivanovich
Berzelius, Jons Jakob
Döbereiner, Johann Wolfgang
Fock, Vladimir A.
Newlands, John Alexander Reina
Odling, William
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
21st century
18th century
Places
Great Britain
Austria
Germany
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Institutions
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
UNESCO
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