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Article ID: CBB070234266

Seeing Sounds? Styling Vision? The mechanical visualisation of acoustic phenomena in cardiac diagnostics around 1900 (2012)

Fangerau, Heiner (Author)
Martin, Michael (Author)

Icon: Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology
Volume: 18
Pages: 45-62

URI: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23789340

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Physiology Medical technology Graphic methods Cardiology Diagnosis Engineering, biomedical 19th century Fleck, Ludwik

During the nineteenth century, physicians and physiologists attempted to translate heart sounds into graphs with the help of phonocardiographic instruments. This shift required the adaption for changing diagnostic concepts from feeling to seeing. On a technical level, complicated tools had to be invented to transform sounds and murmurs into optically accessible graphs or images. The reasoning for why physicians were striving to transform one sense into another has yet to be addressed. In this paper, we analysed the transduction of sound signals in graphs in medical diagnostics and discuss the driving forces behind phonocardiography, which was developed around 1900. Using Ludwik Fleck's concept of thought collectives and thought styles, we explain specific diagnostic style developments in phonocardiography as an intertwined process that reconciles hearing, seeing and thinking styles with engineering technology. Our hypothesis is that self-evident concepts of mechanically produced images drove the development of technology—based diagnostic procedures that use sound to produce images.

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