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Article ID: CBB030122133

El legado de las mujeres a la cristalografía (2015)

Sanz-Aparicio, Julia (Author)

Arbor: Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura
Volume: 191
Issue: 772
Pages: a216

DOI: 10.3989/arbor.2015.772n2002

URI: http://arbor.revistas.csic.es/index.php/arbor/article/view/2019

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ABSTRACT t is common to hear that X-ray crystallography is particularly welcoming to women. This assertion is perhaps based in the crucial contribution that a few brilliant women made to crystallography in the very early days. Therefore, this chapter will be mainly dedicated to honour the exceptional legacy of Kathleen Lonsdale, Dorothy Hodgkin, Rosalind Franklin and Isabella Karle, who were pioneers in a time when there was a strong discrimination against women in all aspects of life. Other prominent women, like Caroline MacGillavry, Olga Kennard, Eleanor Dodson, Louise Johnson, Jenny Glusker, Jane Richardson, among others, contributed to disseminate crystallography worldwide, providing the fundamental tools that resulted in the modern crystallography. The outstanding results that crystallography have provided to life sciences in the last years is well represented by the Nobel Prize awarded to Ada Yonath in 2009 for its contribution to the understanding of ribosome, the largest structure solved up-to-now. RESUMEN Existe la impresión de que la cristalografía ha sido una ciencia donde las mujeres han estado más representadas que en otras disciplinas. Esto se debe a la contribución esencial de unas cuantas científicas excepcionales en los inicios de la nueva ciencia. Por tanto, este capítulo pretende reconocer especialmente el legado de Kathleen Lonsdale, Dorothy Hodgkin, Rosalind Franklin e Isabella Karle, que fueron verdaderas pioneras en tiempos en que las mujeres tenían que enfrentarse a una fuerte discriminación social. Otras científicas destacadas, como Caroline MacGillavry, Olga Kennard, Eleanor Dodson, Louise Johnson, Jenny Glusker o Jane Richardson, contribuyeron al desarrollo de los procedimientos fundamentales que configuraron la cristalografía moderna. Los espectaculares resultados que la cristalografía ha aportado a las ciencias de la vida están bien representados en el Premio Nobel concedido a Ada Yonath en 2009 por su contribución al estudio del ribosoma, la mayor estructura determinada hasta el momento.

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