Intellectual Transformations in American Geology, Palaeontology and Anthropology, 1850--1900 (cited 2010)
Focusing primarily on the published work and private correspondences of prominent figures in these scientific disciplines during this fifty year period, I trace a genealogy of ideas about scientific method, and conceptions of the natural world, as they were expressed and contested within selected communities of scientific discourse. The most prominent figures in this study are Louis Agassiz, J. Peter Lesley, Joseph LeConte, Edward Drinker Cope, Nathaniel Southgate Shaler, Thomas C. Chamberlin, John Wesley Powell and Franz Boas. The transformations in concepts of science and knowledge which emerged in the thought of these figures, and their three major disciplinary traditions, constitute part of a broader transition from romantic, theistic, amateur and generalist modes in scientific thought, to an increasingly modernist, secular, professional and specialised discourse. This dissertation affirms the central importance which conceptions of scientific knowledge, and methodological approaches to the natural world, had in shaping the cognitive and epistemological claims of leading American intellectuals during the second half of the nineteenth century. By interrogating and revising what it meant to ⿿know⿿ scientifically, these figures and their work contributed to a fundamental shift in attitudes from the Victorian to the modernist periods.
...MoreDescription Defense date not indicated; cited by UMI in 2010. Cited in ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing. Proquest Document ID: 899759172.
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