Scales, David Alaistair (Author)
As rapidly spreading emerging diseases impel governments to cooperate to protect their populations, other economic and ideological disincentives discourage collaboration. In this dissertation, I explore why governments cooperate in some instances and not others. I examine four key examples, all administered by the World Health Organization (WHO), but each with different degrees of enforcement, financial resources and political will. First, the International Health Regulations were designed to control disease outbreaks before they start, while, second, the Codex Alimentarius seeks to prevent the spread of diseases through creating food safety standards for international trade. Finally, I look at the Global Influenza Surveillance Network and the WHO's influenza pandemic preparedness plans. Inspired by the work of Alfred Hirschman and regime theory, I argue that governments may feign cooperation when complying would undermine their interests. These "Trojan Loyalists" are not exiting or opposing the regime. They instead attempt to escape constraints without openly deviating from accepted norms or exiting the regime altogether. Simultaneously, the WHO is working to institutionalize certain norms, though it is ultimately powerless to prevent overt or subversive non-compliance. These behavior patterns have multiple effects that ultimately create an unstable equilibrium. In the short run, Trojan Loyalists and the WHO both help reinforce the regime and its normative framework. However, the cooperative spirit erodes as the façade of loyalty breaks down, leaving the regime ultimately weaker.
...MoreDescription Cited in Diss. Abstr. Int. A 71/01 (2010). Pub. no. AAT 3395899.
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