McCaskey, John P. (Author)
The influence of Sir Francis Bacon on early modern science is widely recognized. His ideas regarding the utility of knowledge, value of observation, and benefits of cooperative research were widely adopted in the seventeenth century. But Bacon believed his chief contribution to the reform of knowledge was not these, but rather his proposal for a new kind of inductive reasoning. His theory of induction, however, is generally not thought to have had significant direct influence on subsequent developments in science. I argue in this dissertation, based on close reading of the relevant texts, that the conventional assessment is hampered by an inadequate understanding of Baconian induction, and that this misunderstanding can be corrected by considering Bacon's proposal in the historical context in which it was presented. Bacon's treatise on induction, the _Novum Organum_, was meant as an alternative to Aristotle's _Organon_. The dissertation therefore begins by examining Aristotle's views on induction. I propose a significant revision to the received interpretation of Aristotle's position. I then argue that my interpretation was conventional until late antiquity when it was altered by Neoplatonic writers. The dissertation traces the transmission of the Neoplatonic interpretation through the major Islamic and Latin commentators. During the Renaissance, some humanist scholars realized that the scholastic interpretation of induction differed from that common in antiquity, and a debate ensued about its nature. One chapter here examines the contributions to that debate by four late sixteenth- century thinkers, Jacopo Zabarella, Everard Digby, William Temple, and John Case. Bacon's proposal for a new kind of induction is then examined in the context of the contemporary and historical background. I argue that although Bacon's theory of induction is more systematic than any that had gone before, it was in a sense a return to induction as it was understood in antiquity. In the final chapter, I argue that the work of William Harvey and Robert Boyle were good examples of Baconian induction in practice. I conclude that Bacon's induction, and not only his general vision for reform, was well understood and in fact used by important seventeenth-century scientists.
...MoreDescription On the importance of Francis Bacon's theory of inductive reasoning to early modern science. Cited in Diss. Abstr. Int. A 67/05 (2006): 1888. UMI pub. no. 3219336.
Book
Benedino Gemelli;
(1996)
Aspetti dell'atomismo classico nella filosofia di Francis Bacon e nel Seicento
(/isis/citation/CBB689205138/)
Book
Rossi, Paolo;
(2000)
Logic and the Art of Memory: The Quest for a Universal Language
(/isis/citation/CBB000101788/)
Article
Fate, Victor Joseph Di;
(2011)
Is Newton a “Radical Empiricist” about Method?
(/isis/citation/CBB001024138/)
Article
Mordechai Feingold;
(2016)
“Experimental Philosophy”: Invention and Rebirth of a Seventeenth-Century Concept
(/isis/citation/CBB091437409/)
Book
Burnett, David;
(2000)
A Thinker for All Seasons: Sir Francis Bacon and his Significance Today
(/isis/citation/CBB000111466/)
Article
Clody, Michael C.;
(2011)
Deciphering the Language of Nature: Cryptography, Secrecy, and Alterity in Francis Bacon
(/isis/citation/CBB001231596/)
Book
Bacon, Francis;
Rees, Graham;
Wakely, Maria;
(2004)
The Instauratio Magna Part II: Novum Organum and Associated Texts
(/isis/citation/CBB000651609/)
Book
Desroches, Dennis;
(2006)
Francis Bacon and the Limits of Scientific Knowledge
(/isis/citation/CBB000773713/)
Article
Daniel Schwartz;
(2017)
Crucial Instances and Francis Bacon’s Quest for Certainty
(/isis/citation/CBB585944903/)
Article
Snyder, Laura J.;
(1999)
Renovating the Novum Organum: Bacon, Whewell and induction
(/isis/citation/CBB000111667/)
Chapter
Tuominen, Miira;
(2007)
How Do We Know the Principles? Late Ancient Perspectives to Aristotle's Theory
(/isis/citation/CBB001020202/)
Article
Domski, Mary;
(2013)
Kant and Newton on the a priori Necessity of Geometry
(/isis/citation/CBB001320266/)
Book
Fidora, Alexander;
Lutz-Bachmann, Matthias;
(2007)
Erfahrung und Beweis: die Wissenschaften von der Natur im 13. und 14. Jahrhundert
(/isis/citation/CBB001020200/)
Thesis
Hussain, Hammad A.;
(2010)
Aristotle's “Genetic Account” and the Problem of Induction
(/isis/citation/CBB001562741/)
Article
Díez, José A.;
(2011)
On Popper's Strong Inductivism (or Strongly Inconsistent Anti-Inductivism)
(/isis/citation/CBB001024145/)
Article
Kazuhiro Shibata;
(2022)
The Development of Francis Bacon's Practical Instructions on the Prolongation of Life
(/isis/citation/CBB423678923/)
Article
Sarah E. Parker;
(2016)
The Reader as Authorial Figure in Scientific Debate
(/isis/citation/CBB342643342/)
Article
Crignon, Claire;
(2013)
The Debate about methodus medendi during the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century in England: Modern Philosophical Readings of Classical Medical Empiricism in Bacon, Nedham, Willis and Boyle
(/isis/citation/CBB001213580/)
Article
Turner, Henry S.;
(2013)
Francis Bacon's Common Notion
(/isis/citation/CBB001200734/)
Thesis
Attie, Katherine Bootle;
(2007)
The Politics of Metaphor in Seventeenth-Century England
(/isis/citation/CBB001560828/)
Be the first to comment!