Article ID: CBB001553274

Solar and Lunar Observations at Istanbul in the 1570s (2015)

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From the early ninth century until about eight centuries later, the Middle East witnessed a series of both simple and systematic astronomical observations for the purpose of testing contemporary astronomical tables and deriving the fundamental solar, lunar, and planetary parameters. Of them, the extensive observations of lunar eclipses available before 1000 AD for testing the ephemeredes computed from the astronomical tables are in a relatively sharp contrast to the twelve lunar observations that are pertained to the four extant accounts of the measurements of the basic parameters of Ptolemaic lunar model. The last of them are Taqi al-Din Mu ammad b. Ma`ruf's (1526--1585) trio of lunar eclipses observed from Istanbul, Cairo, and Thessalonica in 1576--1577 and documented in chapter 2 of book 5 of his famous work, Sidrat muntaha al-afkar fi malakut al-falak al-dawwar (The Lotus Tree in the Seventh Heaven of Reflection). In this article, we provide a detailed analysis of the accuracy of his solar (1577--1579) and lunar observations.

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Authors & Contributors
Uma, S. K.
Rao, S. Balachandraq
Goldstein, Bernard R.
Hughes, Howard C.
Chakravarty, Sunder
Zepeda, Henry T.
Journals
Indian Journal of History of Science
Journal for the History of Astronomy
Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Mathematics, Science, and Technology
Ziran Kexueshi Yanjiu (Studies in the History of Natural Sciences)
Aleph: Historical Studies in Science and Judaism
Neusis: The Greek Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology
Publishers
Joseph Henry Press
Brepols Publishers
Booklink
Cambridge University Press
Concepts
Eclipses; transits; occultations; conjunctions
Astronomy
Cosmology
India, civilization and culture
Observation
Solar system; planets
People
Gresham, Edward
ben Yom Ṭov Yerushalmi, Abraham
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni
Seki, Takakazu
Ptolemy
Pontano, Giovanni Gioviano
Time Periods
16th century
Medieval
Ancient
17th century
Places
India
Middle and Near East
Istanbul (Turkey)
Byzantium
China
Mesopotamia
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