Article ID: CBB001552254

Galien, Al-Rāzī, et l'éternité du monde. Les fragments du traité Sur la démonstration, IV, dans les Doutes sur Galien (2015)

unapi

This article aims to reconstruct part of Book IV of Galen's lost treatise On Demonstration. This reconstruction is based on testimonies transmitted by Ab Bakr al-R z (d. 925) in the Doubts About Galen, as well as on a source that until now has never been studied, namely the Solution to the Doubts About Galen of Ab al- Al ibn Zuhr (d. 1131). This paper argues that, in Book IV, Galen maintains that no one can reach any certain conclusion regarding the eternity of the world, and that he consequently criticizes Aristotle's treatment of the subject in On the Heavens. Galen approves only of one of the arguments used by Aristotle in On the Heavens I, 3 (270b12--17), because it is based on empirical evidence. Al-R z focuses on Galen's commentary on this passage. Our hypothesized reconstruction resolves some of the contradictions between the fragments of Book IV that are transmitted in al-R z 's report and Philoponus' Against Proclus On the Eternity of the World. Finally, this article shows that al-R z 's interest in this passage from On Demonstration can be explained with reference to his own philosophical-theological goals. As my examination will make clear, al-R z objects to Galen's arguments because he considers that Galen's teleology is based on a framework where the world is eternal (although Galen does not state this view explicitly), and that this framework does not allow Galen to understand that theodicy is prior to both cosmology and biology.

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Authors & Contributors
İshak Arslan
Cordonier, Valérie
Danesh-Pajouh, Mohammad
Koetschet, Pauline
McVaugh, Michael Rogers
Stroumsa, Sarah
Concepts
Arab/Islamic world, civilization and culture
Philosophy
Medicine
Transmission of ideas
Theology
Logic
Time Periods
12th century
Medieval
11th century
14th century
13th century
10th century
Places
Europe
Mediterranean region
Central Asia
France
Institutions
Université de Montpellier
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