Article
ID: CBB001422000

Joseph Erlanger (1874--1965): The Cardiovascular Investigator Who Won a Nobel Prize in Neurophysiology (2014)

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Cardiology Nobel Prizes Neurophysiology Physiology Physicians; doctors 20th century United States Erlanger, Joseph Howell, William Henry Gasser, Herbert Spencer University of California, Berkeley

Born in San Francisco in 1874 into the family of German immigrants in which he was the only one to proceed beyond elementary education, Joseph Erlanger graduated from the University of California (Berkeley) in 1894. He was about to enter the local Cooper Medical School when he was told that the new medical school in Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore) aimed to surpass all others, and there he graduated and was later coached for a career in academic life by William H Howell (1860--1945). In due course he held the Chairs of Physiology in the University of Wisconsin (Madison) and Washington University at St Louis, Missouri. He showed that the Bundle of His is indeed the functional link between the atria and the ventricles in the mammalian heart and that the Korotkoff sounds are produced by a `breaker' phenomenon resulting from instability of the pulse wave in a partially occluded artery. With Herbert S Gasser (1888--1963) he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1944 for their work on action currents in peripheral nerve fibres. The history of science occupied him during his retirement. He died at St Louis in 1965.

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Authors & Contributors
Hansson, Nils
Aida, Lai
Zulueta, Benjamin C.
Sunderland, Mary Evelyn
Stahnisch, Frank W.
Söderqvist, Thomas
Journals
Journal of Medical Biography
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences
Science in Context
Science and Education
Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences
Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
Publishers
University of Texas at Austin
Yale University Press
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
Concepts
Medicine
Nobel Prizes
Physiology
Physicians; doctors
Neurophysiology
Cardiology
People
Howell, William Henry
Hodgkin, Alan Lloyd
Huxley, Andrew Fielding
Hutchinson, John
Yukawa, Hideki
Vakil, Rustom Jal
Time Periods
20th century
20th century, early
19th century
20th century, late
18th century
17th century
Places
United States
Spain
Japan
Germany
France
Denmark
Institutions
University of California, Berkeley
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (University of California, Berkeley)
Ford Foundation
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