Modern medicine in China began with the arrival of Anglo-American Protestant missionaries in the early 19th century. Conditions were vastly different from the times of the Jesuits in Peking during the 17th and 18th centuries, when the priests enjoyed the endorsement of the Court and high officials. Faced with hostile and xenophobic officialdom and populace, surgeons of the British East India Company in collaboration with missionaries took the initiative. In 1805 Dr Alexander Pearson (1780--1874) introduced smallpox vaccination in Macao and Canton. Reverend Dr Robert Morrison (1782--1834) of the London Missionary Society with another East India Company Surgeon, Dr John Livingstone (1829) opened a dispensary for the poor in Macao in 1820. These pioneers paved the way for later Anglo-American medical missionaries who revolutionized medical practice in China.
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Article
Fu, Louis;
(2013)
The Protestant Medical Missions to China: Dr Thomas Richardson Colledge (1796--1879) and the Founding of the Macao Ophthalmic Hospital
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Article
Jo, J.;
(2015)
A Study on the Awareness of Chinese Medicine by Medical Missionaries: Focused on The China Medical Missionary Journal (1887--1932)
(/isis/citation/CBB001422436/)
Article
Chien-Ling Liu;
(2017)
Relocating Pastorian Medicine: Accommodation and Acclimatization of Pastorian Practices against Smallpox at the Pasteur Institute of Chengdu, China, 1908–1927
(/isis/citation/CBB988933065/)
Book
Andreas Feldtkeller;
Uta Zeuge-Buberl;
(2018)
Networks of Knowledge: Epistemic Entanglement Initiated by American Protestant Missionary Presence in Nineteenth-century Syria
(/isis/citation/CBB793982994/)
Book
Jannetta, Ann;
(2007)
The Vaccinators: Smallpox, Medical Knowledge, and the “Opening” of Japan
(/isis/citation/CBB000741900/)
Article
Dong-won, Shin;
(2004)
Western Medicine, Korean Government, and Imperialism in Late Nineteenth-Century Korea: The Cases of the Choson Government Hospital and Smallpox Vaccination
(/isis/citation/CBB000774905/)
Thesis
Tian, Xiaoli;
(2011)
Relocating Science: Medical Missions and Western Medicine in Nineteenth-Century China
(/isis/citation/CBB001567287/)
Thesis
Shawn Xiaoyan-Lu Foster;
(2019)
Transferring Western Medical Professional Institutions to China – Riding with Missions and Dismissing Native Medicine, 1807-1937: Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Changsha
(/isis/citation/CBB087183145/)
Book
Bala, Poonam;
(2009)
Biomedicine as a Contested Site: Some Revelations in Imperial Contexts
(/isis/citation/CBB000950294/)
Article
Zito, Angela;
(2007)
Secularizing the Pain of Footbinding in China: Missionary and Medical Stagings of the Universal Body
(/isis/citation/CBB001030740/)
Article
Zhen, Cheng;
(2006)
American Missionaries and the Founding of Nursing in China (1880--1930)
(/isis/citation/CBB001020789/)
Book
Renshaw, Michelle;
(2005)
Accommodating the Chinese: The American Hospital in China, 1880--1920
(/isis/citation/CBB000600049/)
Book
Glover, Denise M.;
Harrell, Stevan;
McKhann, Charles F.;
Swain, Margaret Byrne;
(2011)
Explorers and Scientists in China's Borderlands, 1880--1950
(/isis/citation/CBB001214669/)
Article
Zhang, Daqing;
(2002)
Textual Research on A Marvelous Book on Vaccination Recently Coming Out in England
(/isis/citation/CBB000340085/)
Essay Review
Mihalopoulos, Bill;
(2010)
Essay Review
(/isis/citation/CBB001500507/)
Thesis
Gonzalez, Stephanie;
(2014)
The Double-Edged Sword: Smallpox Vaccination and the Politics of Public Health in Cuba
(/isis/citation/CBB001567634/)
Article
Hochman, Gilberto;
Palmer, Steven;
(2010)
Smallpox Eradication and Brazil: An Interview with Donald A. Henderson
(/isis/citation/CBB001420471/)
Book
Lei, Sean Hsiang-Lin;
(2014)
Neither Donkey nor Horse: Medicine in the Struggle over China's Modernity
(/isis/citation/CBB001422035/)
Article
Palmer, Steven;
Hochman, Gilberto;
Arbex, Danieli;
(2010)
Smallpox Eradication, Laboratory Visits, and a Touch of Tourism: Travel Notes of a Canadian Scientist in Brazil
(/isis/citation/CBB001420472/)
Thesis
Karchmer, Eric I.;
(2005)
Orientalizing the Body: Postcolonial Transformations in Chinese Medicine
(/isis/citation/CBB001561860/)
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