Among the volunteers were sisters and fratres, deaconesses, Jewish sisters, Red-Cross nurses and other helpers. Some of them were deployed to the war hospitals behind the front line. They were civilians who experienced war up close where its ramifications were most severe. In the war and field hospitals they witnessed a dimension of injuries and sickness they had never experienced before. They took part in the destinies of soldiers, often running the risk of becoming ill themselves or being hit by enemy fire. This paper explores how the nurses experienced the war and what kind of impressions they spoke about when they returned home. Following a brief introduction we will, on the basis of ego-documents (letters, diaries and later accounts) describe the mental stress and physical dangers the nurses had to endure, what their contact was like with the population in the conquered territories and the enemy soldiers and, lastly, how they resolved their traumatic experiences.
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