Article ID: CBB001421870

The Universal Condition: Medical Constructions of “Congenital Phimosis” in Twentieth Century New Zealand and Their Implications for Child Rearing (2014)

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`Congenital phimosis' was one of a number of pseudo-pathologies that entered mainstream medicine in the nineteenth century. In the twentieth century Truby King, Henry Jellett, and Eric Corkill advocated premature foreskin retraction as the first intervention to manage `congenital phimosis'. If that failed they recommended circumcision, although eventually it became more expedient to use circumcision exclusively. The nineteenth-century justification for such interventions was to prevent masturbation, but by the middle of the twentieth century this was replaced by prevention of infections. Gairdner's landmark paper of 1949 turned New Zealand doctors away from `congenital phimosis' and non-therapeutic circumcision, although some doctors and persisting family traditions maintained both interventions until the end of the century.

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Authors & Contributors
E. H. Jellinek
Soledad Quereilhac
Wagner, Corinna
Bishop, Joanna
Weigl, Andreas
Watson, Lindsay R.
Journals
Medizin, Gesellschaft, und Geschichte
Medical History
Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
Social History of Medicine
Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science
Publishers
University of North Carolina Press
University of California Press
Siglo Veintiuno Editores
Oxford University Press
Bloomsbury Academic
Concepts
Medicine
Pathology
Medicine and culture
Surgery of sex organs; circumcision
Masturbation
Disease and diseases
People
Jellinek, Stefan
King, Truby
Voronoff, Serge Avramovitch
James, William
Time Periods
19th century
20th century
20th century, early
21st century
18th century
16th century
Places
New Zealand
United States
Germany
Argentina
France
New York (U.S.)
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