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Article ID: CBB001220557

Am I My Brain or My Genitals? A Nature-Culture Controversy in the Hermaphrodite Debate from the mid-1960s to the late 1990s (2011)

Kraus, Cynthia (Author)

Gesnerus
Volume: 68
Pages: 80--106

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Gender identity Brain Neurosciences Androgyny; hermaphroditism Endocrinology 20th century, late

The groundbreaking and prophetic rhetoric of neuroscience has recently highlighted the fetal brain as the most promising organ for understanding why transsexuals feel trapped in the wrong body, a nd for predicting whether children born with ambiguous genitalia will grow up to feel like a man or a woman. This article proposes a recent history of the cerebralization of intersexuality and of transsexuality as atypical neurodevelopmental conditions. It examines the ways in which the organizational theory of brain sex differentiation developed in the late 1950s in behavioral neuroendocri - nology has gained increased prominence in and through controversies over best practice issues in the case management of intersex newborns, and the etiology of transsexuality. It focuses on the American context and on the leading warrior in this battle: Milton Diamond, now a most prominent figure in professional debates about the clinical management of intersexuality, and the intersex person's best friend. Persons with an intersexed or transsexual condition consider, not their gonads, but their brains, their core sense of self, as the primary determinant of sex. (Diamond and Beh 2005, 6--7, note 1)

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Description “Examines the organizational theory of brain sex differentiation developed in the late 1950s in behavioral neuroendocrinology.” (from the abstract)

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