An analysis of the first statistics produced by the Economic and Financial Organization (EFO) of the League of Nations (LoN) suggests two hypotheses. First, there was a will from the beginning to establish an international technical activity with an autonomy intrinsically related to intergovernmental decision. Second, EFO's quantification introduced a new relationship between power and statistics. This relationship differed from the link that the state maintained with its data because, in general, the state was subject to the political pluralism of representative systems. The LoN did not reproduce the relationship between majority and opposition, while in international forums governments could escape from the control of their parliaments. With the EFO, international statistics based on the comparison between states, and backed by governmental agreement, became an original tool of government: they created a direct link between ethical goals (peace) and quantitative knowledge without pluralistic mediation.
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