A doutrina das causas finais na Antiguidade. 1. A teleologia na natureza, dos pré-socráticos a Platão (2013)
Martins, Roberto de Andrade (Author)
Filosofia e História da Biologia
Volume: 8, no. 1
Issue: 1
Pages: 107-132
From Antiquity to the 19th century it was very common to explain natural phenomena (especially biological ones) through final causes. This paper analyses one of the periods of development of this concept, in Antiquity, with special emphasis upon the contributions of Socrates and Plato. They introduced the idea of an intelligent and beneficial god, who plans the structure of the universe and of all beings in the best possible way. This concept was strongly influential in later periods. Keywords: final causes; teleology; Presocratics; Anaxagoras; Diogenes; Socrates; Plato; philosophy of biology
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