Lazzaro Spallanzani e a criação da disciplina de História Natural na Universidade de Pavia, em 1769 (2011)
Brzezinski Prestes, María Elice de (Author)
Filosofia e História da Biologia
Volume: 6, no. 2
Issue: 2
Pages: 313-342
In 1769, Lazzaro Spallanzani was hired by the University of Pavia to inaugurate the chair of Natural History. This occurred within a broader project of educational reforms in Lombardy, then under the rule of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. Concerned with the expansion of the modern sciences curriculum, the reformers focused their attention in many aspects, such as the expansion of spaces for classrooms and library. The didactic support for teaching was consolidated by the creation of a botanical garden and a Museum of Natural History. Also, the new curriculum sought to redefine methods and teaching materials. This article will expose the educational guidelines established by the reformers in Vienna, comparing them to the teaching plan effectively followed by Spallanzani. The program of his courses will be ascertained by means of the bibliographical references recommended to students and by the texts that are part of his Lectures on Botany and Zoology, published recently in Edizione nazionale delle operate di Lazzaro Spallanzani. Even though the chair has not been introduced in other universities in the region at that time, this case study is representative of the process of institutionalization of experimental research and practical teaching on living beings, free from medical concerns, in the last quarter of the eighteenth century.
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Circumscribere: International Journal for the History of Science
Endeavour: Review of the Progress of Science
História, Ciências, Saúde---Manguinhos
NTM: Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Technik und Medizin
Nuncius: Annali di Storia della Scienza
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