Article ID: CBB001211858

A Fruitful Exchange/Conflict: Engineers and Mathematicians in Early Modern Italy (2013)

unapi

Exchanges of learning and controversies between engineers and mathematicians were important factors in the development of early modern science. This theme is discussed by focusing, first, on architectural and mathematical dynamism in mid 16th-century Milan. While some engineers-architects referred to Euclid and Vitruvius for improving their education and argued for an institutional reform of their profession, Girolamo Cardano and other mathematicians explained the De architectura and studied the inventions of the arts. Attention is drawn, then, to the entrance in the field of hydraulics of Benedetto Castelli, a Galilean mathematician who criticised some basic engineering methods but also relied on engineering experience. This mix of criticism and appropriation of engineering notions was particularly highlighted by Domenico Guglielmini, who saw in the study of the nature of rivers the key for their control and improvement. A further facet was the growing distinction among the practitioners. In 16th-century Milan professional distinctions appeared in a grand scale cadastral survey of the whole state and in the establishment of a professional body of engineers-architects and land surveyors. It was not a peculiarly Italian trend. In the postscript some remarks are added to show that a partly similar differentiation was also taking place among E.G.R. Taylor's mathematical practitioners of Elizabethan England.

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Authors & Contributors
Grell, Chantal
Zachary Loeb
Fagnani, Martino Lorenzo
Paolo Bossi
Francesco Repishti
Santino Langé
Concepts
Scientific communities; interprofessional relations
Correspondence and corresponding
Controversies and disputes
Mathematicians
Mathematics
Transmission of ideas
Time Periods
17th century
16th century
18th century
Early modern
19th century
Renaissance
Places
Italy
Netherlands
Rome (Italy)
Great Britain
Lombardy
Milan (Italy)
Institutions
Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Rome)
Royal Society of London
Universität Ingolstadt
Accademia del Cimento, Florence
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