Publishing Sir John Franklin's Fate: Cannibalism, Journalism, and the 1881 Edition of Leopold McClintock's The Voyage of the “Fox” in the Arctic Seas (2013)
Your work is classic, and will be read by generation after generation. It ought, therefore, to be the complete story of Franklin's Fate, wrote Clements Markham, the secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, to Admiral Sir Leopold McClintock on October 14, 1880.1 Despite their complacent ring, Markham's words were written at a time of exceptional anxiety, both for him and for McClintock. An unexpected new installment in the long saga of Sir John Franklin's last expedition had just been published in the American press, challenging the status of McClintock's extremely popular 1859 narrative as the definitive account of Franklin's fate. The New York Herald, which had the highest circulation of any American newspaper and was also widely read in Britain,2 was loudly asserting that Frederick Schwatka, not McClintock, had closed the history of the Franklin expedition.3 From England, the august Times agreed that the American explorer had discovered the final evidence needed to complete the annals of Arctic exploration.4 Although McClintock was ultimately able to maintain his position, both the challenge he faced in 1880--1881 and the cautious nature of his response offer important insights about the publication and reception of nineteenth-century Arctic exploration literature on both sides of the Atlantic.[intro]
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