This essay examines the interest in animals expressed by late Enlightenment historians, including particularly the views of Johann Gottfried Herder, Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, William Robertson, and Edward Gibbon. These historians, the first to emphasize the way the use of animals contributed to human progress, were influenced by the Comte de Buffon and by Enlightenment conjectural history and stadial theory. Where animals are discussed in their writings, these thinkers made a significant contribution to the transition from early modern perspectives to a more historical view of the role of animals in human culture.
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