Article ID: CBB001200848

Making Males Aggressive and Females Coy: Gender across the Animal-Human Boundary (2012)

unapi

Sexual selection, as conceived by Charles Darwin, explained the origins of phenomena in the animal kingdom that could not be attributed to natural selection---why males and females differed in their appearance and behavior and the presence of beauty. Yet, in the early decades of the twentieth century, few biologists found Darwin's proposed mechanism of female mate choice plausible, as they rejected the idea that animals possessed the capacity to aesthetically evaluate and choose a mate. Animals in the early twentieth century instead functioned as mechanical foils against which zoologists sought to define what it was to be human. After World War II, however, animals as social beings became sources for understanding our human instincts. Men were quickly bestialized because of their association with aggressive, warlike behavior, whereas women were exempted from such degenerate stereotypes. Yet, less than a decade later, biological anthropologists and zoologists began to frame female animals as equally manipulative, albeit by acting sexually coy and exercising their natural prerogative---female mate choice. Aggressive males and coy females were active constructions of the post-WWII period, not passive importations from Darwin's theory of sexual selection over a century earlier. This article interweaves two polarities, animal and human, male and female, to elucidate the evolution of biological constructions of animality and gender throughout the twentieth century.

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Description On animal and human behavior as related to their sexual identity.


Citation URI
https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB001200848/

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Authors & Contributors
Milam, Erika Lorraine
Munz, Tania
Dagg, Joachim
Prum, Richard O.
Veuille, Michel
Poreau, Brice
Journals
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
Philosophy & Theory in Biology
Social Studies of Science
Llull: Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas
Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences
Publishers
University of Wisconsin at Madison
Johns Hopkins University Press
Harvard University Press
Franco Angeli
Anchor
Indiana University
Concepts
Sexual selection
Zoology
Animal behavior
Sexual behavior
Evolution
Biology
People
Lorenz, Konrad
Moffat, Charles
Howard, Henry Eliot
Hediger, Heini
Selous, Edmund
Vagner, Nikolai Petrovich
Time Periods
20th century
19th century
20th century, early
21st century
20th century, late
Places
United States
Germany
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Switzerland
Russia
France
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