Article ID: CBB000953999

Technoscientific Synergies between Germany and Spain in the Twentieth Century: Continuity amid Radical Change (2010)

unapi

This article describes the collaborations between German and Spanish scientists and engineers in the twentieth century. Special attention is devoted to the mechanisms by which these relations were established and the changes they underwent in conjunction with both the domestic and international political situation over three historical moments: World Wars I and II and the Spanish Civil War. Institutional and personal links were important in both countries to work around international isolation during the 1920s, 1940s, and 1950s, in that they contributed especially to the shaping of the Spanish technocratic elite under the Franco dictatorship during the 1940s and 1950s. In the twentieth century, several German groups, always with the agreement of authorities in Madrid and military circles in Berlin, and later Bonn, used Spain as a testing ground for activities first banned by the Treaty of Versailles (June 1919), and then by the Allied High Commission (1946) and the Treaty of Paris (May 1955) with the accession of the Federal Republic of Germany to NATO.

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Citation URI
https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB000953999/

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Authors & Contributors
Fangerau, Heiner
Edward P.F. Rose
Peter B. Thompson
Levit, Georgy S.
Wessely, Simon
Šišma, Pavel
Concepts
Science and war; science and the military
World War I
World War II
International cooperation
Science and politics
Technology and war; technology and the military
Time Periods
20th century, early
20th century, late
20th century
Places
Germany
United States
Spain
Great Britain
United Kingdom
Leningrad (Soviet Union)
Institutions
International Research Council
Kaiser-Wilhelm-Instituten
Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas (Spain)
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
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