Article ID: CBB000933693

Boltzmann's H-Theorem, Its Discontents, and the Birth of Statistical Mechanics (2009)

unapi

A comparison is made of the traditional Loschmidt (reversibility) and Zermelo (recurrence) objections to Boltzmann's H-theorem, and its simplified variant in the Ehrenfests' 1912 wind-tree model. The little-cited 1896 (measure-theoretic) objection of Zermelo (similar to an 1889 argument due to Poincaré) is also analysed. Significant differences between the objections are highlighted, and several old and modern misconceptions concerning both them and the H-theorem are clarified. We give particular emphasis to the radical nature of Poincaré's and Zermelo's attack, and the importance of the shift in Boltzmann's thinking in response to the objections taken together.

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Authors & Contributors
Christian Gerini
João Príncipe
Ferdinand Verhulst
Strien, Marij van
Steckline, Vincent S.
Reiter, Wolfgang L.
Journals
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics
Physics in Perspective
Transversal: International Journal for the Historiography of Science
Philosophy of Science
Journal for General Philosophy of Science
Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Publishers
World Scientific
W. W. Norton & Co.
The MIT Press
Springer Science + Business Media
Springer
Oxford University Press
Concepts
Physics
Statistical mechanics
Biographies
Thermodynamics
Philosophy of science
Mathematics
People
Boltzmann, Ludwig
Poincaré, Jules Henri
Einstein, Albert
Planck, Max
Maxwell, James Clerk
Mach, Ernst
Time Periods
19th century
20th century, early
20th century
Places
France
Vienna (Austria)
Germany
Austria
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