Article ID: CBB000933692

Did Einstein prove E=mc2? (2009)

unapi

Although Einstein's name is closely linked with the celebrated relation E=mc2 between mass and energy, a critical examination of the more than half dozen proofs of this relation that Einstein produced over a span of forty years reveals that all these proofs suffer from mistakes. Einstein introduced unjustified assumptions, committed fatal errors in logic, or adopted low-speed, restrictive approximations. He never succeeded in producing a valid general proof applicable to a realistic system with arbitrarily large internal speeds. The first such general proof was produced by Max Laue in 1911 (for closed systems with a time-independent energy--momentum tensor) and it was generalized by Felix Klein in 1918 (for arbitrary time-dependent closed systems).

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Authors & Contributors
Farouki, Nayla
Valente, Mário Bacelar
Frits Berends
Weinstein, Galina
Guichelaar, Jan
Stanley, Matthew
Concepts
Physics
Relativity
Biographies
Theoretical physics
Electromagnetic waves; radiation
Atomic, nuclear, and particle physics
Time Periods
20th century, early
20th century
19th century
Places
United States
Germany
Berlin (Germany)
Leiden (Netherlands)
Great Britain
Institutions
Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG)
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Universiteit Leiden
Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (Germany)
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