Article ID: CBB000933667

“Evolution on Rails”: Mechanisms and Levels of Orthogenesis (2006)

unapi

Coined in 1893 by the German zoologist Wil360-133helm Haacke, the concept of orthogenesis became quite influential in the life sciences in the first half of the 20th century. In certain countries this influence lasted until after WWII. However, the dominance of the Modern Synthesis of Evolution in the 1960-70s in most countries with a research tradition in evolutionary biology, and in the majority of biology-related disciplines ultimately pushed the concept of orthogenesis into the shadow of this dominating paradigm. In this paper, we make a brief survey of the history of ideas of directed evolution. We also give a historically founded definition of orthogenesis and describe possible structural levels and mechanisms of orthogenesis. Our perspective is international, but special attention is paid to the German lands, where the orthogenesis tradition was very strong and persisted well into the post-WWII era.

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Authors & Contributors
Fábregas-Tejeda, Alejandro
Jin, Xiaoxing
Yu, Xiaobo
Delgado, Abigail Nieves
Jesse J. Chapman
Geoffrey West
Concepts
Evolution
Darwinism
Orthogenesis; orthogenetic evolution
Biology
Science and politics
Genetics
Time Periods
20th century, early
19th century
20th century
Places
China
Great Britain
England
Russia
Japan
Germany
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