Article ID: CBB000933160

“Acqua premuta”: Benedetto Castelli and the Incompressibility of Water (2008)

unapi

Castelli's Della misura del-l'acque correnti (1628) stood out from current engineering practices and deep rooted philosophical beliefs such as that of the condensation of water. This second line has not yet been fully acknowledged because Castelli only hinted at it by criticizing Giovanni Fontana's measurements of the Tiber and his use of the term acqua premuta. The acknowledgement of the incompressibility of water was nonetheless an essential prerequisite of Castelli's mathematical formulation of the continuity law of running water. In this paper the question of incompressibility is approached from different angles: Galileo's hydrostatics and the Florentine debate on the causes of floating and sinking; the corpuscular views of Hero of Alexandria, Patrizi, Galileo and Castelli; the engineering context; Cabeo's criticism of Castelli. The focus is nonetheless on the geometric part of Castelli's tract in order to show that the simplification allowed by the principle of the incompressibility of water was instrumental for giving a new kind of mathematical and physical coherence to this old subject.

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Authors & Contributors
Bucciantini, Massimo
Lugaresi, Maria Giulia
Omodeo, Pietro Daniel
Manni, Paola
Ori, Fabio
Babu, Senthil
Concepts
Physics
Hydraulics
Mathematics
Mechanics
Manuscripts
Biographies
Time Periods
17th century
Renaissance
18th century
Early modern
19th century
16th century
Places
Italy
Europe
Venice (Italy)
England
Sicily
Institutions
Royal Society of London
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