Article ID: CBB000933011

The First Record of Marcgrave's Capuchin in Europe: South American Monkeys in Italy during the Early Sixteenth Century (2010)

unapi

Around the end of the second decade of the sixteenth century, in the Villa Medici of Poggio a Caiano in the vicinity of Florence, the Florentine artist Andrea del Sarto painted a great fresco, commissioned by Pope Leo X in honour of his late father, Lorenzo de' Medici. This fresco contains one of the earliest representations in Europe of a living South American primate, which can easily be identified as Marcgrave's capuchin, Cebus flavius (Schreber, 1774). The appearance is so accurate that we can assume that the painter was familiar with the animal, and may even have used a live monkey as a model. Marcgrave's capuchin is a taxon that was recently rediscovered in Brazil, where it has been found in fragments of the Atlantic Forest in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Paraíba. The portrayal of this species in the early sixteenth-century decoration of Poggio a Caiano raises interesting questions about the popularity of Brazilian primates in European artistic and scientific circles from the time of the discovery of the New World, and about the rapidity of the initial anthropogenic diffusion of some of these animals beyond their homeland.

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Authors & Contributors
Gatta, Massimo
Rossi, Maria Stella
Minutoli, Fabio
Quaglino, Margherita
Buccaro, Alfredo
Vezzosi, Alessandro
Journals
Renaissance Quarterly
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Annals of Science: The History of Science and Technology
Publishers
Olschki
Aracne
Northwestern University
Yale University Press
University of North Carolina Press
Stanford University Press
Concepts
Science and art
Natural history
Scientific illustration
Engineering
Architecture
Technology and art
People
Leonardo da Vinci
Pliny the Elder
Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo
White, John
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Petrarch, Francesco
Time Periods
16th century
Renaissance
15th century
17th century
Early modern
18th century
Places
Italy
South America
North America
Europe
Pisa (Italy)
Americas
Institutions
British Museum
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