Article ID: CBB000932060

The Transformation of Aristotle's Mechanical Questions: A Bridge between the Italian Renaissance Architects and Galileo's First New Science (2009)

unapi

The reception process of Aristotle's Mechanical Questions during the early modern period began with the publication of the corpus aristotelicum between 1495 and 1498. Between 1581 and 1627, two of the thirty-five arguments discussed in the text, namely Question XIV concerning the resistance to fracture and Question XVI concerning the deformation of objects such as timbers, became central to the work of the commentators. The commentaries of Bernardino Baldi (1581-1582), Giovanni de Benedetti (1585), Giuseppe Biancani (1615) and Giovanni di Guevara (1627) gradually approached the doctrine of proportions of the Renaissance architects, some aspects of which deal with the strength of materials according to the Vitruvian conception of scalar building. These aspects of the doctrine of proportions were integrated into the Aristotelian arguments so that a theory of linear proportionality concerned with the strength of materials could be formulated. This very first theory of strength of materials is the theory to which Galileo critically referred in his Discorsi where he published his own theory of strength of materials. Economic and military constraints are determined as the fundamental reasons for the commentators' commitment to developing a theory of strength of materials that later linked Galileo's work to the practical knowledge of the architects and machine-builders of his time.

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Authors & Contributors
Settle, Thomas B.
Capecchi, Danilo
Giannini, Giulia
Frank, Martin
Wallace, William A.
Trabucco, Oreste
Concepts
Physics
Mechanics
Mathematics
Cosmology
Architecture
Motion (physical)
Time Periods
17th century
16th century
Early modern
Renaissance
Medieval
Modern
Places
Italy
Europe
Florence (Italy)
North America
Japan
China
Institutions
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
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