Article ID: CBB000931960

Reflections on the Main Schools of the World Psychology in the Czech Interwar Psychology (2008)

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The author deals with the reasons for the different level of acceptance of the three important psychological perspectives (Gestalt psychology, behaviorism, and psychoanalysis) in the Czech interwar psychology. Gestalt psychology was probably the most accepted approach, which was at least partly caused by its founding in the neighboring Germany. It was an academic perspective that was convenient for the professional ambitions of its representatives as well as for their endeavor to establish psychology as a serious scientific discipline. On the contrary, the acceptance of behaviorism was rather negative or indifferent. Czech psychologists perceived it as a predominantly foreign, extraneous school of thinking. They preferred the studies on consciousness and the method of introspection over empirical research. Psychoanalysis also has never taken deeper roots in Czechoslovakia. Some Czech intellectuals accepted the existence of unconsciousness but they criticized Freudian sexual symbolism (Peroutka, C? apek). Negative attitudes of the politicians Masaryk and Benes? also contributed to the cool reception of this school. With sporadic exceptions, the psychoanalytic thinking was developed only in a small Jewish- German-Czech circle. Keywords: Czech interwar psychology, Gestalt psychology, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, comparative psychology

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Description Looks at different levels of acceptance of the three main schools of psychology: Gestalt psychology, behaviorism, and psychoanalysis.


Citation URI
https://data.isiscb.org/isis/citation/CBB000931960/

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Authors & Contributors
Neto, Marcus Bentes de Carvalho
Schmidt, Marion
Saraiva, Fernando Tavares
Dobroczyński, Bartłomiej
Gruszka, Aleksandra
Wertheimer, Max
Concepts
Psychology
Behaviorism
Gestalt psychology
Psychoanalysis
Research methods
Experimental psychology
Time Periods
20th century, early
19th century
20th century
Places
United States
Great Britain
Czechoslovakia
Germany
Prague (Czechia)
Poland
Institutions
Medico-Psychological Clinic
British Society for the Study of Sex Psychology
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