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Article ID: CBB000931763

The First International Polar Year (1882--83): A Big Science Experiment with Small Science Equipment (2004)

History of Meteorology
Volume: 1
Pages: 55--64

Publication Date: 2004
Edition Details: Part of a special issue: International Perspectives on the History of Meteorology: Science and Cultural Diversity
Language: English

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Earth sciences Scientific expeditions Geomagnetism Scientific apparatus and instruments Meteorology International cooperation 19th century Polar regions Neumayer, Georg von International Polar Year (1882-1883)

Big science can be defined by a big scale of investments and operations, and the logistics of which are budget consuming and research is manpower intensive. Each participating state of the IPY was in charge of its own expedition being part of a big experiment to investigate the meteorology and earth magnetic field in high latitudes. The co-ordination of the experiment was in hand of the International Polar Commission originating from the Meteorological Committee. Mostly mechanical instruments like barometer, thermometer, hygrometer, and few remote indicators of wind vane and anemometer were used. Telegraphy for time keeping was only available at Bossekop. Referring to this, the IPY used small science equipment over a large area to perform big science. The experiment was designed to solve the problem of meteorology in the Arctic. As method for solution, fixed circumpolar stations were chosen to work for the duration of one year. This network was realised by international co-operation. Finally, the data of the IPY were to be published on a national basis and distributed to the other participating countries.

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Article Fleming, James R. (2004) Introduction. History of Meteorology. unapi

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